第１課

　　四級考試中常見的考察詞匯的題型：

I 押韻題型（押頭韻、押尾韻）；

答案總在相似中，如果有三個一樣，基本上就在其中了。

54. The rain was heavy and _A_ the land was flooded.

A consequently   B continuously   C constantly   D consistently

continue v. 繼續(xù)，連續(xù)； continually adv. 時斷時續(xù)地； continuously adv. 連續(xù)不斷地。

說不停的咳嗽時，continually是間歇的時斷時續(xù)的咳嗽，continuously是一直不停的咳嗽。

consequently adv. 因此，所以；(heavy rain大雨, light rain小雨)

constantly adv. 始終如一地，連續(xù)發(fā)生地；constant temperature 恒溫

consistently adv. 一貫地，一致地； consistent adj.  consistent policy 一貫的政策。

36. I hate people who _C_ the end of a film that you haven't seen before.

A revise   B rewrite   C reveal   D reverse

rewrite v. 重寫，改寫； revise vt. 修改，修正； reveal vt. 揭示，揭露；

reverse vt. 顛倒，使反轉，使反向。(vers是詞根，表示轉動；re是前綴，表示向相反方向)

42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.

A preferable   B considerable   C possible   D available

performance n. 表演，演出，演奏； perform vt.  possible adj. 可能的

動詞后加able構成形容詞通常表示“可…的” read -> readable  accept -> acceptable

consider vt. 考慮； considerable adj. (數(shù)量或尺寸)相當大(或多)的。

preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的；

available* adj. 可獲得的，可利用的，可支配的。(重點詞)

33. In general, the amount that a student spends for housing should be held to one-fifth of the total _D_ for living expenses.

A acceptable   B applicable   C advisable   D available

living expenses 生活費； acceptable adj. 可接受的；

apply vt. 申請，應用； applicable adj. 可應用的，適當?shù)�，合適的；

advise vt. 建議； advice n. 建議； advisable adj. 明智的，可取的。

54. It is our _A_ policy that we will achieve unity through peaceful means.

A consistent   B continuous   C considerate   D continual

achieve unity through peaceful means 通過和平手段取得統(tǒng)一； consistent policy 一貫政策

II 構詞法題型(詞的轉化，合成，派生)；

構成符合形容詞的名詞和數(shù)量詞一律用單數(shù)。(見下面2個例題)

31. Despite the wonderful acting and well-developed plot the _B_ movie could not hold our attention.

A three-hours   B three-hour   C three-hours’   D three-hour’s

267. Professor White wrote a _C_ report yesterday.

A two-thousand-words   B two-thousands-word

C two-thousand-word    D two-thousands-words

以ly結尾的不全是副詞； friendly, lonely, lovely, likely, lively adj.

考試中常見的否定前綴： un-、dis-、in-、im-

56. _B_ his sister, Jack is quiet and does not easily make friends with others.

A Dislike   B Unlike   C Alike   D Liking

like vt. 喜歡； dislike vt. 不喜歡，厭惡； unlike prep. 不像…；

alike adj. & adv. 同樣的(地)，相象的(地)； liking n. 愛好，嗜好；

take a liking for喜歡…，對…產(chǎn)生好感。

III 近義詞含義比較；

44. There were some _A_ flowers on the table.

A artificial   B unnatural   C false   D unreal

unreal adj. 不真實的(不是真實世界所擁有的，虛幻的)； Ends justify means 不擇手段；

false adj. 具有欺騙性的，假的，偽造的； false coin/passport/hair，a false tooth/false teeth

unnatural adj. 不自然的，經(jīng)常用來修飾人的行為舉止，表示做作的，矯揉造作的。

artificial adj. 人造人為的 artificial leg 假肢artificial leather 人造皮 genuine leather 真皮

54. When people become unemployed, it is _C_ which is often worse than lack of wages.

A laziness   B poverty   C idleness   D inability

laziness n. 懶惰； poverty n. 貧窮； poor adj. 貧窮的；

idleness n. 無事可做(中性，有時也有貶義含義)； inability n. 沒有能力，沒有辦法。

69. A lot of ants are always invading my kitchen. They are a thorough _A_.

A nuisance   B trouble   C worry   D anxiety

invade 進攻，侵略； nuisance n. (具體的)令人討厭的東西； trouble n. 煩惱，麻煩，問題；

worry n. 擔心，發(fā)愁； anxiety n. 焦慮。 What a nuisance. 真是煩。

IV 搭配關系問題；

extent n. 程度； to... extent 到達…程度，在…程度之上； extent 只能和to搭配。

object vi. 反對； object + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。

objection n. 反對； objection + to + 動名詞（動詞的ing形式）。

V 形相近，意相遠；

65. In Britain, the best season of the year is probably _A_ spring.

A late   B last   C latter   D later

late adj. 晚的，晚于通常時間的； late spring 晚春、暮春； last adj. 最后的，最終的；

later adj. 更晚的（late的比較級）、時間概念后一半的；只適用于表示某個世紀的后半期；

  The later twentieth century. 二十世紀的后一半。

latter adj. （兩者中）后者的； former adj. （兩者中）前者的；

59. Some people would like to do shopping on Sundays since they expect to pick up wonderful _B_ in the market.

A batteries   B bargains   C baskets   D barrels

battery n. 電池； bargain n. 特價商品； It’s really a bargain. 你真會買東西，不是說真便宜。

basket n. 籃子； barrel n. 桶； wonderful bargain 物美價廉的商品；bargain v. 討價還價；

53. Remember that customers don’t _D_ about prices in that city.

A debate   B consult   C dispute   D bargain

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41. The bridge was named _A_ the hero who gave his life for the cause of the people.

A after   B with   C by   D from

  cause 事業(yè)； be named after 以…的名字命名；

42. There were no tickets _D_ for Friday’s performance.

A preferable   B considerable   C possible   D available

  preferable adj. 更好的，更可取的；

358. _C_ the Revolutionary War, the United States was an English colony.

A Inferior to   B Superior to   C Prior to   D Preferable to

  具有比較意味的形容詞只要與介詞to搭配即可表示其比較級。 super- 表示在…上方，超過…

inferior adj. 低于…的，劣于…的； superior adj. 高于…的，優(yōu)于…的； prior adj. 在…之前的

Revolutionary War 特指美國獨立戰(zhàn)爭；second adj. 第二的（含有比較意味，也與to搭配）

He is second to none. 首屈一指，無與倫比；

30. Cancer is second only _B_ heart disease as a cause of death.

A of   B to   C with   D from

43. It wasn't such a good dinner _C_ she had promised us.

A that   B which   C as   D what

  such … that … 如此… 以至于… ； sb + be + ___ + sth 空格處應為能加雙賓語的動詞；

  加雙賓語的動詞的用法：動詞 + sb + sth（主動形式）； sb + be + pp + sth（被動形式）；

59. American women were _D_ the right to vote until 1920 after many years of hard   struggle. [the right to vote 選舉權]

A ignored   B neglected   C refused   D denied

deny v. 否認，拒絕；deny sb sth 拒絕給予某人某物；

44. They decided to chase the cow away _C_ it did more damage.

A unless   B until   C before   D although

45. _B_ student with a little common sense should be able to answer the question.

A Each   B Any   C Either   D One

  common sense 常識； each 這個詞在英語中強調(diào)的是個體與眾不同的特點；

  any 這個詞強調(diào)的是很多東西在一起的共性； either 兩者之間任何一個；

31. The medicine is on sale everywhere. You can get it at _C_ chemist’s.

A each   B some   C any   D certain

46. All _D_ is a continuous supply of the basic necessities of life.

A what is needed   B for our needs   C the thing needed   D that is needed

  當all作定語從句的先行詞時，從句只能用that來引導； all that = what

47. _A_ with the size of the whole earth, the highest mountain does not seem high at all.

A When compared   B Compare   C While comparing   D Comparing

本題的關鍵是弄清compare與mountain的關系； when 可以直接加過去分詞；

before(after) + being + 過去分詞；

44. After _A_ for the job, you will be required to take a language test.

A being interviewed   B interviewed   C interviewing   D having interviewed

They lose their health to make money, and they lose their money to restore health.

48. _C_ she first heard of the man referred to as a specialist. [專家]

A That was from Stephen   B It was Stephen whom

C It was from Stephen that   D It was Stephen that

本題重點是強調(diào)句式； 當被強調(diào)部分指人且在句子中作賓語時，其余部分可用whom引導；

49. If these shoes are too big, ask the clerk to bring you a smaller _D_.

A suit   B set   C one   D pair

50. Many new _A_ will be opened up in the future for those with a university education.

A opportunities   B necessities   C realities   D probabilities

51. He must have had an accident, or he _A_ then.

A would have been here   B had to be here   C should be here   D would be here

must have + 過去分詞 表示對過去行為的肯定推測；

與過去事態(tài)相反用：情態(tài)動詞 + have + 過去分詞 來體現(xiàn)虛擬語氣；

must 一定，必須； needn't, don't have to 不必；

53. You _A_ all those calculations! We have a computer to do that sort of thing.

A needn’t have done   B must not have done

C shouldn’t have done   D can not have done

should have + 過去分詞 本應該，本應當； shouldn't have done本不應該，本不應當；

44. It was very kind of you to do the washing-up, but you _D_ it.

A mustn’t have done   B wouldn’t have done

C mightn’t have done   D didn’t have to do

52. It was essential that the applications forms _C_ back before the deadline.

A must be sent   B would be sent   C be sent   D were sent

It be essential that 后面一定用虛擬語氣，且句子謂語動詞固定為(should) + 動詞原型；

It was essential that the applications forms send back before the deadline.

53. We _D_ our breakfast when an old man came to the door.

A just have had   B have just had   C just had   D had just had

when 還可以表示①剛..就… （有動作先后關系）、②恰在此時；

44. I had just started back for the house to change my clothes _D_ I heard voices.

A as   B while   C after   D when

45. I felt somewhat disappointed and was about to leave, _C_ something occurred which attracted my attention.

A unless   B until   C when   D while

64. It was essential that these application forms _D_ back as early as possible.

A must be sent   B will be sent   C are sent   D be sent